Rocks and Minerals
What Are Minerals?
Minerals have to have these properties in order to be a mineral
- Mineral have to be solids
- They have to occur natural
- They have and atomic structure (this means that the electrons in an atom are circling the nucleus. The charges in the electrons are negative while the charges in the nucleus are positive)
- Minerals have a chemical formula
- They have never been alive and are not made up of plants or animals.
There are also properties of a mineral like hardness, streak color, mineral color, and luster.
- hardness-the hardness of a mineral; you can test this by testing what the mineral can be scratched by and what it can’t be scratched by
- streak color- the color of the powder of the mineral; you can test this by rubbing the mineral across a streak plate
- mineral color- the color of the mineral
- luster- the shine of the mineral; you can test this by holding the mineral up to a light source and observing the shine
What are Rocks?
Rocks are natural occurring substances in the outer layer of the earth. They are made up of minerals and other substances like volcanic glass or organic matter. There are three different kinds of rocks
- Sedimentary Rocks are layers of dust and soil pushed together in extreme heat. After many years, the sediments stick together to form a rock
- Igneous Rocks are formed when sedimentary rocks are pushed under earth’s surface. Because of heat and compression, the sedimentary rock melts into magma. If the magma manages to escape through a volcano, it hardens and becomes an igneous rock
- Intrusive igneous rocks cool down under the earth’s surface slowly
- Metamorphic Rocks are formed if sedimentary rocks or igneous rock get buried under the earth’s surface. Due to the pressure and heat, the rock changes without melting. This new rock is a metamorphic rock
Difference Between Rocks and Minerals
Rocks and minerals are different. Minerals are substances that occur inside a rock.
very informative and simply said
I am writing about an ancient Indian astronomer and mathematician so that a page on astronomy can be started.
Aryabhata was an astronomer and mathematician who lived from 476 A.D. to 550 A.D. in the Gupta era.
During his lifetime he propounded and proved many theories:-
the most important was how lunar and solar eclipse ocurred.
he calculated the length of earth’s circumference to 99.98% accuracy
the value of pi upto 4 decimel places accurately.
value of the sidereal year correctly and lastly that earth rotated on its axis.
he provided solution of simplevariable and quadratic equations.
he wrote many books but only Aryabhatia and Aryasidhanta survive today.
Very interesting! I will start writing a post on astronomy.
acharya kanad was a indian philosopher and scientist 2500 years before dalton and before democritus.he was the father of atomic theory.born 26000 years ago he was named kanad because ‘kana’ means atom in sanskrit.
you can know more about him if you read about harrappan civilisation
sorry for the extra zero. 2600 years ago
today i will write about bhaskara 2. he was a great mathematician of medieval india[1114-1183ce].he wrote lilavati which is book of arithmetic.he wrote books on algebra,geometry and trigonometry. he developed the theorem of pythagorus. he worked extensively on movement of planets. he was perhaps the first to think of differential coefficient and differential calculus. solved quadratic equations.
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